Tyndall Centre Publications
The following database is for researcher of the University of East Anglia (UEA) only.
Rao, Nitya; Patil, Sheetal; Singh, Chandni; Roy, Parama; Pryor, Charles; Poonacha, Prathigna; Genes, Mariam
Cultivating sustainable and healthy cities: A systematic literature review of the outcomes of urban and peri-urban agriculture Journal Article
In: Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 85, 2022, ISSN: 2210-6707, (Acknowledgements: Authors acknowledge support from Holly Ruffhead for initial query-based searches of literature from three large publication databases. Authors acknowledge financial support from British Academy's “Urban Infrastructures of Well-Being” programme, under the UK Government's Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) for the research project titled ‘Urban and Peri-urban Agriculture as Green Infrastructure: Implication on wellbeing and sustainability in the Global South’.).
@article{4e74a0805ed64cf59d64e838c7addcff,
title = {Cultivating sustainable and healthy cities: A systematic literature review of the outcomes of urban and peri-urban agriculture},
author = {Nitya Rao and Sheetal Patil and Chandni Singh and Parama Roy and Charles Pryor and Prathigna Poonacha and Mariam Genes},
doi = {10.1016/j.scs.2022.104063},
issn = {2210-6707},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-10-01},
journal = {Sustainable Cities and Society},
volume = {85},
publisher = {Elsevier},
abstract = {Despite considerable interest in urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) in recent decades, its contributions to urban sustainability and human wellbeing remain contested. This systematic literature review examines the geographical landscape of the peer-reviewed literature on UPA and assesses its reported outcomes on sustainability and wellbeing. Following systematic review protocols, we undertook a two-step literature screening and quality assessment process. From a total of 4,029 articles, based inclusion-exclusion criteria, we filtered 320 articles for quantitative and 86 for qualitative assessment. Quantitative analysis confirmed an exponential increase in literature on UPA since 2015 and a regional bias towards the Global North. The qualitative analysis identified six thematic outcomes of UPA under three sustainability pillars - environmental sustainability; material well-being; labour and livelihoods; land tenure and urban planning; and food and nutritional security as part of economic sustainability; and subjective and relational wellbeing as well as gender and social differentiation as elements of social sustainability. Environmental sustainability was most discussed, followed by subjective wellbeing and food and nutritional security. Gender and social differentiation issues were least represented in the papers. There remain knowledge gaps around how urban policy and planning can recognise, leverage, and scale up the sustainability and wellbeing co-benefits of UPA.},
note = {Acknowledgements: Authors acknowledge support from Holly Ruffhead for initial query-based searches of literature from three large publication databases. Authors acknowledge financial support from British Academy's “Urban Infrastructures of Well-Being” programme, under the UK Government's Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) for the research project titled ‘Urban and Peri-urban Agriculture as Green Infrastructure: Implication on wellbeing and sustainability in the Global South’.},
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}
Fisher, Stephen D.; Kenny, John; Poortinga, Wouter; Böhm, Gisela; Steg, Linda
The politicisation of climate change attitudes in Europe Journal Article
In: Electoral Studies, vol. 79, 2022, ISSN: 0261-3794.
@article{5765a1d2c5d74ab6836ae1195c92e07d,
title = {The politicisation of climate change attitudes in Europe},
author = {Stephen D. Fisher and John Kenny and Wouter Poortinga and Gisela Böhm and Linda Steg},
doi = {10.1016/j.electstud.2022.102499},
issn = {0261-3794},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-10-01},
journal = {Electoral Studies},
volume = {79},
publisher = {Elsevier},
abstract = {Do voters for different parties have distinct climate attitudes because of their positions on other issues? With European Social Survey (ESS) data, we find that in Western (but not Central and Eastern) Europe there is a linkage between left-right self-placement and climate attitudes that cannot be accounted for by economic egalitarianism or liberal cultural attitudes. That linkage partly but not fully accounts for why voters for different party families have different beliefs and worries about climate change. Green party voters are more climate conscious than other voters with similar left-wing identities and political values. Not only Populist-Right but also mainstream Conservative party-family voters are less worried about climate change than their left-right orientations and other political values suggest. While Western European countries nearly all follow the same pattern, there is no consistent structure in Central and Eastern European countries. Across Europe non-voters are less worried about climate change than voters.},
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pubstate = {published},
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}
D'Exelle, Ben; Habraken, Rik; Verschoor, Arjan
What should I aspire to? Peer effects in adolescents’ friendship networks Journal Article
In: Economic Development and Cultural Change, 2022, ISSN: 0013-0079.
@article{26a33377f939476a987a14f238de29b3,
title = {What should I aspire to? Peer effects in adolescents’ friendship networks},
author = {Ben D'Exelle and Rik Habraken and Arjan Verschoor},
doi = {10.1086/720543},
issn = {0013-0079},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-10-01},
journal = {Economic Development and Cultural Change},
publisher = {University of Chicago},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Price, Jeff; Warren, Rachel; Forstenhäusler, Nicole; Wallace, Craig; Jenkins, Rhosanna; Osborn, Timothy J.; Vuuren, D. P. Van
Quantification of meteorological drought risks between 1.5°C and 4°C of global warming in six countries Journal Article
In: Climatic Change, vol. 174, no. 1-2, 2022, ISSN: 0165-0009, (Funding: The research leading to these results received funding from the UK Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS). TJO also received support from the Belmont Forum and JPI-Climate project INTEGRATE funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (grant no. NE/P006809/1).).
@article{3210f3df482f4483826c1c9773d07ca3,
title = {Quantification of meteorological drought risks between 1.5°C and 4°C of global warming in six countries},
author = {Jeff Price and Rachel Warren and Nicole Forstenhäusler and Craig Wallace and Rhosanna Jenkins and Timothy J. Osborn and D. P. Van Vuuren},
doi = {10.1007/s10584-022-03359-2},
issn = {0165-0009},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-28},
journal = {Climatic Change},
volume = {174},
number = {1-2},
publisher = {Springer},
abstract = {We quantify the projected impacts of alternative levels of global warming upon the probability and length of severe drought in six countries (China, Brazil, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana and India). This includes an examination of different land cover classes, and a calculation of the proportion of population in 2100 (SSP2) at exposed to severe drought lasting longer than one year. Current pledges for climate change mitigation, which are projected to still result in global warming levels of 3°C or more, would impact all of the countries in this study. For example, with 3°C warming, more than 50% of the agricultural area in each country is projected to be exposed to severe droughts of longer than one year in a 30-year period. Using standard population projections, it is estimated that 80%-100% of the population in Brazil, China, Egypt, Ethiopia and Ghana (and nearly 50% of the population of India) are projected to be exposed to a severe drought lasting one year or longer in a 30-year period. In contrast, we find that meeting the long-term temperature goal of the Paris Agreement, that is limiting warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, is projected to greatly benefit all of the countries in this study, greatly reducing exposure to severe drought for large percentages of the population and in all major land cover classes, with Egypt potentially benefiting the most.},
note = {Funding: The research leading to these results received funding from the UK Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS). TJO also received support from the Belmont Forum and JPI-Climate project INTEGRATE funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (grant no. NE/P006809/1).},
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}
Plank, Sien; Brown, Sally; Thompkins, Emma L.; Nicholls, Robert J.
A typology of responsibility for coastal flood risk adaptation Journal Article
In: Frontiers in Marine Science, vol. 9, 2022, ISSN: 2296-7745, (Data Availability Statement: All data supporting this study are openly available from the University of Southampton repository at https://doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/D1609 and http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/D1608. Funding information: This work was funded through UKRI ESRC ES/W006189/1. The first named author would like to thank the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and the Leverhulme Trust for their funding toward the PhD research on which this paper is based.).
@article{2e6d6f26582148858cdc775fe25f4743,
title = {A typology of responsibility for coastal flood risk adaptation},
author = {Sien Plank and Sally Brown and Emma L. Thompkins and Robert J. Nicholls},
doi = {10.3389/fmars.2022.954950},
issn = {2296-7745},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-23},
journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},
volume = {9},
publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.},
abstract = {The management of coastal flood risk is adapting to meet the challenges and increased risks posed by population change as well as by climate change, especially sea level rise. Protection is being targeted to areas where the benefits are highest, while elsewhere there is a shift towards more localized “living with floods” and “resilience” approaches. Such decentralized approaches to flood risk management (FRM) require a diverse range of stakeholder groups to be engaged as “flood risk citizens”. Engagement of households in FRM is central to this process. Despite significant research on stakeholder engagement in coastal and flood risk management, there is less focus on the nature of responsibility in coastal adaptation. There is no framework by which to assess the different types of responsibility in hazard management and adaptation, and little research on the implications of expecting these responsibilities of stakeholder groups. In this paper, we identify five types of responsibility that are embedded throughout the disaster risk reduction cycle of managing coastal flooding. We build this ”typology of responsibility” on existing work on the evolution of stakeholder engagement and stakeholder responsibility relationships in risk management processes, and a dataset of institutional stakeholder interviews and households surveys conducted across three case studies in England, the United Kingdom, in 2018 and 2019. We analyze the interviews using thematic analysis to explore institutional stakeholder perceptions of responsibility in coastal FRM, and analyze the household survey through descriptive and inferential statistics. By developing the first disaster risk reduction focused typology of responsibility for coastal flooding, we provide researchers and decision-makers with a tool to guide their planning and allocation of responsibilities in risk management for floods and other climate-driven hazards.},
note = {Data Availability Statement: All data supporting this study are openly available from the University of Southampton repository at https://doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/D1609 and http://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/D1608. Funding information: This work was funded through UKRI ESRC ES/W006189/1. The first named author would like to thank the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and the Leverhulme Trust for their funding toward the PhD research on which this paper is based.},
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pubstate = {published},
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}
Radakovic, Chelsea; Radakovic, Ratko; Peryer, Guy; Geere, Jo-Anne
Psychedelics and mindfulness: A systematic review and meta-analysis Journal Article
In: Journal of Psychedelic Studies, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 137–153, 2022, ISSN: 2559-9283.
@article{cb4bbb28a77a48ad8a4d0dd76f30bc80,
title = {Psychedelics and mindfulness: A systematic review and meta-analysis},
author = {Chelsea Radakovic and Ratko Radakovic and Guy Peryer and Jo-Anne Geere},
doi = {10.1556/2054.2022.00218},
issn = {2559-9283},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-23},
journal = {Journal of Psychedelic Studies},
volume = {6},
number = {2},
pages = {137--153},
publisher = {Akademiai Kiado},
abstract = {Background and aims: The benefits of classic serotonergic psychedelics (e.g. psilocybin, LSD, DMT, ayahuasca) are becoming more widely known with the resurgence in research in the past decade. Furthermore, the benefits of mindfulness are well documented. However, no systematic reviews have examined linkage of mindfulness and psychedelics use. The aim of this systematic review is to explore the link between psychedelics and characteristics of mindfulness. Methods: We conducted a systematic search across multiple databases, inclusive of grey literature and backwards/forward-citation tracking, on the 18 January 2021. The search strategy included terms relating to mindfulness and psychedelics, with no restriction on clinical or non-clinical conditions. Study quality was assessed. An exploratory random-effects meta-analysis was conducted on pre-post mindfulness data relative to psychedelic ingestion. Results: Of 1805 studies screened, 13 were included in the systematic review. There was substantial variability in participant characteristics, psychedelic administration method and measurement of mindfulness. The ingestion of psychedelics is associated with an increase in mindfulness, specifically relating to domains of acceptance, which encompasses non-judgement of inner experience and non-reactivity. The meta-analysis of a subset of studies (N = 6) showed small effects overall relative to ayahuasca ingestion, increasing mindfulness facets of non-judgement of inner experience and non-reactivity, as well as acting with awareness. Conclusions: Further methodologically robust research is needed to elucidate the relationship between psychedelics and mindfulness. However, mindfulness and specific facets relating to acceptance have been shown to increase following ingestion of psychedelics in a number of studies.},
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}
Schaub, Simon; Tosun, Jale; Jordan, Andrew; Enguer, Joan
Climate policy ambition: Exploring a policy density perspective Journal Article
In: Politics and Governance, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 226–238, 2022, ISSN: 2183-2463, (Funding information: ERC (via the DeepDCarb Advanced Grant No. 882601). For further details, see the DeepDCarb website (https://www.deepdcarb.org)).
@article{e7080bd5bbc84f5ab18411ddfc51570f,
title = {Climate policy ambition: Exploring a policy density perspective},
author = {Simon Schaub and Jale Tosun and Andrew Jordan and Joan Enguer},
doi = {10.17645/pag.v10i3.5347},
issn = {2183-2463},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-21},
journal = {Politics and Governance},
volume = {10},
number = {3},
pages = {226–238},
publisher = {Cogitatio Press},
abstract = {National policy ambition plays a central role in climate change governance under the Paris Agreement and is now a focus of rapidly emerging literature. In this contribution, we argue that policy ambition can be captured by the level of national policy activity, which in accordance with the existing literature should be referred to as “policy density.” In this study, we measure climate policy density by drawing on three publicly available databases. All three measurements show an upward trend in the adoption of climate policy. However, our empirical comparison also reveals differences between the measurements with regard to the degree of policy expansion and sectoral coverage, which are due to differences in the type of policies in the databases. For the first time, we compare the patterns of policy density within each database (2000–2019) and reveal that while they are different, they are nonetheless potentially complementary. Since the choice of the database and the resulting measurement of policy density ultimately depend on the questions posed by researchers, we conclude by discussing whether some questions are better answered by some measurements than others.},
note = {Funding information: ERC (via the DeepDCarb Advanced Grant No. 882601). For further details, see the DeepDCarb website (https://www.deepdcarb.org)},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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}
Rodriguez, Ioki
Restor(y)ing the Past to Envision an ‘Other’ Future: A Decolonial Environmental Restorative Justice Perspective Book Chapter
In: Pali, Brunilda; Forsyth, Miranda; Tepper, Felicity (Ed.): The Palgrave Handbook of Environmental Restorative Justice, pp. 531–561, Palgrave Macmillan, 2022, ISBN: 978-3-031-04222-5.
@inbook{6c4151b9619147c4963e21891782f95e,
title = {Restor(y)ing the Past to Envision an ‘Other’ Future: A Decolonial Environmental Restorative Justice Perspective},
author = {Ioki Rodriguez},
editor = {Brunilda Pali and Miranda Forsyth and Felicity Tepper},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-04223-2_21},
isbn = {978-3-031-04222-5},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-20},
booktitle = {The Palgrave Handbook of Environmental Restorative Justice},
pages = {531--561},
publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
abstract = {In this chapter I argue that an environmental restorative justice approach can be enriched by getting in touch with Latin American decolonial thinking and praxis and incorporating it into its disciplinary practice. To do so, I frst discuss some main propositions of Latin American decolonial environmental justice theory, which ground my approach to restorative justice. Secondly, drawing on John Paul Lederach’s (2008) long-term peacebuilding perspective, I define how I understand a restorative environmental approach from a cultural revitalisation perspective. Tirdly, to exemplify what such an approach looks like in practice, I discuss two case studies: one in Canaima National Park, Venezuela, and another in the Indigenous Territory of Lomerio, in Bolivia, in which I have been involved in environmental restorative justice process using participatory action research for cultural revitalisation with Indigenous peoples in contexts of prolonged environmental conficts. Fourth and finally, I discuss some key lessons from the two key studies with the hope that they can guide the eforts at conceptualising and doing environmental restorative justice in Latin America and beyond.},
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}
Hassan, Nik Muhammad Nizam Nik; Hunter, Paul R.; Lake, Iain R.
Risk perception from the consumption of untreated drinking water in a small island community Journal Article
In: Journal of Water and Health, vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 1506–1516, 2022, ISSN: 1477-8920.
@article{8ac669046d3643b9815f6af732d8476b,
title = {Risk perception from the consumption of untreated drinking water in a small island community},
author = {Nik Muhammad Nizam Nik Hassan and Paul R. Hunter and Iain R. Lake},
doi = {10.2166/wh.2022.100},
issn = {1477-8920},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-20},
journal = {Journal of Water and Health},
volume = {20},
number = {10},
pages = {1506--1516},
publisher = {IWA Publishing},
abstract = {A small island community in Malaysia uses gravity-fed drinking water, and rejected water treatment by the authorities. This study was conducted to evaluate the community's risk perception towards their untreated water supply by interviewing one adult per household in four out of eight villages on the island. The survey asked questions on risk perception, socioeconomic characteristics, and perception of water supply quality. Water samples were collected from a total of 24 sampling locations across the four villages, and 91.7% of them were positive for E.coli. The study surveyed 218 households and found that 61.5% of respondents agreed to some degree that the water is safe to drink without treatment, while 67.9% of respondents disagreed to some degree that drinking tap water is associated with health risks, and 73.3% of respondents agreed to some degree that it is safe to drink directly from taps that are fitted with water filters. Using factor analysis to group the risk perception questions and multivariable GLM to explore relationships with underlying factors, the study found that older respondents, lower income level, positive water odour perception and positive water supply reliability perception lowers risk perception. The village of residence also significantly affects the risk perception level in the model.},
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Enns, Peter K.; Harris, Jacob; Kenny, John; Roescu, Andra; Jennings, Will
Public responsiveness to declining crime rates in the United States and England and Wales Journal Article
In: British Journal of Criminology, vol. 62, no. 5, pp. 1093–1115, 2022, ISSN: 0007-0955.
@article{2f61e0c29d1f4c5690167fc6a5a16ed4,
title = {Public responsiveness to declining crime rates in the United States and England and Wales},
author = {Peter K. Enns and Jacob Harris and John Kenny and Andra Roescu and Will Jennings},
doi = {10.1093/bjc/azac036},
issn = {0007-0955},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-16},
journal = {British Journal of Criminology},
volume = {62},
number = {5},
pages = {1093--1115},
publisher = {Oxford University Press},
abstract = {During much of the second half of the twentieth century, public opinion in both the United States and Britain became more punitive as crime rates rose. These shifting public attitudes had a profound influence on criminal justice policies. What is less understood is how public attitudes in these countries have responded to declining crime rates since the early-1990s. To understand how the public reacts to declining crime rates, we focus on crimes recorded by the police as well as data on actual victimisation. We also draw on more than 4,000 national survey questions to construct measures of public concern about crime and support for punitive criminal justice responses. Our analyses illustrate parallels in the crime drop measured by victimisation surveys in the two countries (with recorded violent crime in England and Wales the exception to this overall trend). The over-time patterns in public concern about crime and punitive sentiment are more complex, with the US public becoming less punitive (in line with declining crime rates) while the British public’s concern with crime appears more in tune with actual crime rates. Given the distinct social, political and institutional settings offered by the two countries, the parallel dynamics of crime and the mixed response of public opinion help illustrate the importance of the comparative analysis of crime and its effects on society as well as the importance of considering multiple measures of public opinion related to crime and punishment.},
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}
Iyer, Soundarya; Rao, Nitya
Skills to stay: Social processes in agricultural skill acquisition in rural Karnataka Journal Article
In: Third World Quarterly, 2022, ISSN: 0143-6597.
@article{1cd479fad77a4b3a91c8e8dd89ce98e7,
title = {Skills to stay: Social processes in agricultural skill acquisition in rural Karnataka},
author = {Soundarya Iyer and Nitya Rao},
issn = {0143-6597},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-13},
journal = {Third World Quarterly},
publisher = {Routledge},
abstract = {Skill development is considered to be critically important for the eradication of poverty and social inclusion in the Global South. The Indian government launched broad reforms under the Skill India Mission in 2015 to train 400 million Indians by 2022. However, little is known about the social processes of skill acquisition, especially within the agricultural sector in rural India. In 2020-2021, we conducted work-life course interviews with 66 men and women between the ages of 18-65 in a village in southern Karnataka to better understand the informal and non-formal processes of skill acquisition in agriculture and allied activities. We argue that in the absence of formal skilling opportunities, the existing informal and non-formal skilling landscapes are filtered through the intersecting identities of gender, generation, caste, and class, and are central in shaping farming futures.},
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}
Dudley, Harriet; Jordan, Andrew; Lorenzoni, Irene
Advising national climate policy makers: A longitudinal analysis of the UK Climate Change Committee Journal Article
In: Global Environmental Change, vol. 76, 2022, ISSN: 0959-3780.
@article{8cc451e6e77146faa09635e2632d862b,
title = {Advising national climate policy makers: A longitudinal analysis of the UK Climate Change Committee},
author = {Harriet Dudley and Andrew Jordan and Irene Lorenzoni},
issn = {0959-3780},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
journal = {Global Environmental Change},
volume = {76},
publisher = {Elsevier},
abstract = {Despite the recent proliferation of national climate change advisory bodies, very little is known about what advice they provide, to whom, and when. To address these gaps in the literature, this article systematically analyses all 700 of the recommendations made by the UK Climate Change Committee (CCC) in the period 2009–20. The CCC is one of the oldest climate change advisory bodies of its kind in the world and its design has been widely emulated by other countries. For the first time, this article documents how the CCC’s mitigation and adaptation recommendations have changed over time with respect to their addressee, sectoral focus and policy targets. It reveals that they became: more numerous per year; more cross-sectoral in their nature; clearer in targeting a specific addressee; and more focused in referring to specific policy targets. By drawing on Fischer’s synthesis of policy evaluation to derive a measure of policy ambition, it also reveals that despite many of its recommendations being repeated year after year, the CCC has become more willing to challenge the policy status quo. It concludes by identifying future research needs in this important and fast-moving area of climate governance, notably understanding the conditions in which the recommendations of advisory bodies (do not) impact national policy.},
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Wilder, Thomas; Zhai, Xiaoming; Munday, David R.; Joshi, Manoj
The response of a baroclinic anticyclonic eddy to relative wind stress forcing Journal Article
In: Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol. 52, no. 9, pp. 2129–2142, 2022, ISSN: 0022-3670, (Funding Information: This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council through the EnvEast Doctoral Training Partnership (Grant NE/L002582/1).).
@article{6860f994446340798ff78543a21ee77d,
title = {The response of a baroclinic anticyclonic eddy to relative wind stress forcing},
author = {Thomas Wilder and Xiaoming Zhai and David R. Munday and Manoj Joshi},
doi = {10.1175/JPO-D-22-0044.1},
issn = {0022-3670},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
journal = {Journal of Physical Oceanography},
volume = {52},
number = {9},
pages = {2129--2142},
publisher = {American Meteorological Society},
abstract = {Including the ocean surface current in the calculation of wind stress is known to damp mesoscale eddies through a negative wind power input, and have potential ramifications for eddy longevity. Here, we study the spin-down of a baroclinic anticyclonic eddy subject to absolute (no ocean surface current) and relative (including ocean surface current) wind stress forcing by employing an idealised high-resolution numerical model. Results from this study demonstrate that relative wind stress dissipates surface mean kinetic energy (MKE) and also generates additional vertical motions throughout the whole water column via Ekman pumping. Wind stress curl-induced Ekman pumping generates additional baroclinic conversion (mean potential to mean kinetic energy) that is found to offset the damping of surface MKE by increasing deep MKE. A scaling analysis of relative wind stress-induced baroclinic conversion and relative wind stress damping confirms these numerical findings, showing that additional energy conversion counteracts relative wind stress damping. What is more, wind stress curl-induced Ekman pumping is found to modify surface potential vorticity gradients that lead to an earlier destabilisation of the eddy. Therefore, the onset of eddy instabilities and eventual eddy decay takes place on a shorter timescale in the simulation with relative wind stress.},
note = {Funding Information: This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council through the EnvEast Doctoral Training Partnership (Grant NE/L002582/1).},
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}
Jones, Matthew W.; Abatzoglou, John T.; Veraverbeke, Sander; Andela, Niels; Lasslop, Gitta; Forkel, Matthias; Smith, Adam J. P.; Burton, Chantelle; Betts, Richard A.; Werf, Guido R.; Sitch, Stephen; Canadell, Josep G.; Santín, Cristina; Kolden, Crystal; Doerr, Stefan H.; Quere, Corinne Le
Global and regional trends and drivers of fire under climate change Journal Article
In: Reviews of Geophysics, vol. 60, no. 3, 2022, ISSN: 8755-1209, (Research Funding: H2020 Societal Challenges (H2020 PRIORITÉ Défis de société). Grant Numbers: 776810, 641816, 101003890; H2020 Industrial Leadership (H2020 Priority Industrial Leadership). Grant Number: 776186; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). Grant Number: 016.Vidi.189.070; H2020 Excellent Science (H2020 Priority Excellent Science). Grant Number: 101000987; Newton Fund; UKRI | Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). Grant Numbers: NE/T001194/1, NE/T003553/1, NE/V01417X/1; Spanish State Research Agency Ramón y Cajal Programme. Grant Number: RYC2018-025797-I; Royal Society. Grant Number: RPR1191063; Australian National Environmental Science Program; Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Progamme. Grant Number: GA01101; UK department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy).
@article{188034f38a53449294592feaf6839ac2,
title = {Global and regional trends and drivers of fire under climate change},
author = {Matthew W. Jones and John T. Abatzoglou and Sander Veraverbeke and Niels Andela and Gitta Lasslop and Matthias Forkel and Adam J. P. Smith and Chantelle Burton and Richard A. Betts and Guido R. Werf and Stephen Sitch and Josep G. Canadell and Cristina Santín and Crystal Kolden and Stefan H. Doerr and Corinne Le Quere},
doi = {10.1029/2020RG000726},
issn = {8755-1209},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
journal = {Reviews of Geophysics},
volume = {60},
number = {3},
publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
abstract = {Recent wildfire outbreaks around the world have prompted concern that climate change is increasing fire incidence, threatening human livelihood and biodiversity, and perpetuating climate change. Here, we review current understanding of the impacts of climate change on fire weather (weather conditions conducive to the ignition and spread of wildfires) and the consequences for regional fire activity as mediated by a range of other bioclimatic factors (including vegetation biogeography, productivity and lightning) and human factors (including ignition, suppression, and land use). Through supplemental analyses, we present a stocktake of regional trends in fire weather and burned area (BA) during recent decades, and we examine how fire activity relates to its bioclimatic and human drivers. Fire weather controls the annual timing of fires in most world regions and also drives inter-annual variability in BA in the Mediterranean, the Pacific US and high latitude forests. Increases in the frequency and extremity of fire weather have been globally pervasive due to climate change during 1979–2019, meaning that landscapes are primed to burn more frequently. Correspondingly, increases in BA of ∼50% or higher have been seen in some extratropical forest ecoregions including in the Pacific US and high-latitude forests during 2001–2019, though interannual variability remains large in these regions. Nonetheless, other bioclimatic and human factors can override the relationship between BA and fire weather. For example, BA in savannahs relates more strongly to patterns of fuel production or to the fragmentation of naturally fire-prone landscapes by agriculture. Similarly, BA trends in tropical forests relate more strongly to deforestation rates and forest degradation than to changing fire weather. Overall, BA has reduced by 27% globally in the past two decades, due in large part to a decline in BA in African savannahs. According to climate models, the prevalence and extremity of fire weather has already emerged beyond its pre-industrial variability in the Mediterranean due to climate change, and emergence will become increasingly widespread at additional levels of warming. Moreover, several of the major wildfires experienced in recent years, including the Australian bushfires of 2019/2020, have occurred amidst fire weather conditions that were considerably more likely due to climate change. Current fire models incompletely reproduce the observed spatial patterns of BA based on their existing representations of the relationships between fire and its bioclimatic and human controls, and historical trends in BA also vary considerably across models. Advances in the observation of fire and understanding of its controlling factors are supporting the addition or optimization of a range of processes in models. Overall, climate change is exerting a pervasive upwards pressure on fire globally by increasing the frequency and intensity of fire weather, and this upwards pressure will escalate with each increment of global warming. Improvements to fire models and a better understanding of the interactions between climate, climate extremes, humans and fire are required to predict future fire activity and to mitigate against its consequences.},
note = {Research Funding: H2020 Societal Challenges (H2020 PRIORITÉ Défis de société). Grant Numbers: 776810, 641816, 101003890; H2020 Industrial Leadership (H2020 Priority Industrial Leadership). Grant Number: 776186; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). Grant Number: 016.Vidi.189.070; H2020 Excellent Science (H2020 Priority Excellent Science). Grant Number: 101000987; Newton Fund; UKRI | Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). Grant Numbers: NE/T001194/1, NE/T003553/1, NE/V01417X/1; Spanish State Research Agency Ramón y Cajal Programme. Grant Number: RYC2018-025797-I; Royal Society. Grant Number: RPR1191063; Australian National Environmental Science Program; Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Progamme. Grant Number: GA01101; UK department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Quine, Timothy A.; Cressey, Elizabeth L.; Dungait, Jennifer A. J.; Baets, Sarah; Meersmans, Jeroen; Jones, Matthew W.; Nicholas, Andrew P.
Geomorphically mediated carbon dynamics of floodplain soils and Implications for net effect of carbon erosion Journal Article
In: Hydrological Processes, vol. 36, no. 9, 2022, ISSN: 0885-6087, (ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: This work was funded by UK Natural Environment Research Council as part of the Impacts of Climate Change on Erosion, Sediment and Transport and Soil Carbon in the UK and Europe project (NE/E011713/1). Matthew W. Jones’ contribution was supported initially by NERC PhD studentship (NE/L002434/1) and thereafter by Horizon 2020 ‘CHE’ project (no. 776186). We thank Sophie M. Green for her helpful comments on an early manuscript, Daisy Atkins for her digitisation of the Culm catchment, Richard Jones and Neville England for their help collecting samples, and the technician team at Exeter University for their assistance with laboratory work. DATA AVAILABILITY: The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in “figshare” at http://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17263883.v1).
@article{eced6cb52b5b4133816b6c80b3cccfc0,
title = {Geomorphically mediated carbon dynamics of floodplain soils and Implications for net effect of carbon erosion},
author = {Timothy A. Quine and Elizabeth L. Cressey and Jennifer A. J. Dungait and Sarah Baets and Jeroen Meersmans and Matthew W. Jones and Andrew P. Nicholas},
doi = {10.1002/hyp.14657},
issn = {0885-6087},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
journal = {Hydrological Processes},
volume = {36},
number = {9},
publisher = {Wiley},
abstract = {The fate of organic carbon deposited in floodplain sediments is an important control on the magnitude and direction of the carbon flux from anthropogenically accelerated erosion and channelization of the riverine network. Globally, carbon deposition rates and mean residence time (MRT) within different geomorphic settings remains poorly constrained. We sampled soil profiles to 0.8 m depth from two geomorphic zones: active channel belt (ACB) and lowland floodplain, under long-term pasture adjacent to the river Culm in SW England, UK. We evaluated sedimentation rates and carbon storage using fallout radionuclide 137Cs, particle size and total carbon analyses. Variation in decomposition was assessed via empirical (soil aggregate size, density fractionation combined with natural abundance 13C analysis) and modelling simulation (using the RothC model and catchment implications explored using a floodplain evolution model). Sedimentation and carbon accumulation rates were 5–6 times greater in the ACB than the floodplain. Carbon decomposition rates also varied with geomorphic setting. In floodplain cores, faster decomposition rates were indicated by greater 13C-enrichment and subsoils dominated by mineral-associated soil organic carbon. Whereas, in the ACB, carbon was less processed and 13C-depleted, with light fraction and macroaggregate-carbon throughout the cores, and RothC modelled decomposition rates were 4-fold less than lowland floodplain cores. Including the ACB in floodplain carbon MRT calculations increased overall MRT by 10%. The major differences in the balance of sedimentation and decomposition rates between active and inactive floodplains suggests the relative extent of these contrasting zones is critical to the overall carbon balance. Restoration projects could enhance soil carbon storage by maximizing active floodplain areas by increasing river channel complexity.},
note = {ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: This work was funded by UK Natural Environment Research Council as part of the Impacts of Climate Change on Erosion, Sediment and Transport and Soil Carbon in the UK and Europe project (NE/E011713/1). Matthew W. Jones’ contribution was supported initially by NERC PhD studentship (NE/L002434/1) and thereafter by Horizon 2020 ‘CHE’ project (no. 776186). We thank Sophie M. Green for her helpful comments on an early manuscript, Daisy Atkins for her digitisation of the Culm catchment, Richard Jones and Neville England for their help collecting samples, and the technician team at Exeter University for their assistance with laboratory work. DATA AVAILABILITY: The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in “figshare” at http://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17263883.v1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Singh, Chandni; Iyer, Soundarya; New, Mark G.; Few, Roger; Kuchimanchi, Bhavana; Segnon, Alcade C.; Morchain, Daniel
Interrogating 'effectiveness' in climate change adaptation: 11 guiding principles for adaptation research and practice Journal Article
In: Climate and Development, vol. 14, no. 7, pp. 650–664, 2022, ISSN: 1756-5529, (Funding: This work was carried out with financial support from the UK Government's Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office and the International Development Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada.).
@article{cf3746a7e3614ebd94da653215dfef6c,
title = {Interrogating 'effectiveness' in climate change adaptation: 11 guiding principles for adaptation research and practice},
author = {Chandni Singh and Soundarya Iyer and Mark G. New and Roger Few and Bhavana Kuchimanchi and Alcade C. Segnon and Daniel Morchain},
doi = {10.1080/17565529.2021.1964937},
issn = {1756-5529},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
journal = {Climate and Development},
volume = {14},
number = {7},
pages = {650--664},
publisher = {Taylor and Francis},
abstract = {The Paris Agreement articulates a global goal on adaptation, which aims to ensure an ‘adequate adaptation response’ to the ‘global temperature goal’, and requires countries to report progress through periodic global stocktakes. However, there remain conceptual and methodological challenges in defining an adaptation goal and mixed evidence on what effective adaptation looks like and how it can be enabled. In this review, we demonstrate how different normative views on adaptation outcomes, arising from different epistemological and disciplinary entry points, can lead to very different interpretations of adaptation effectiveness. We argue that how effectiveness is framed will significantly impact adaptation implementation and outcomes. This, furthermore, represents a way of exercising influence in adaptation decision-making. Eleven principles of effective adaptation are distilled as a way to pluralize guidance in international processes such as the Global Stocktake as well as national and sub-national exercises on tracking and monitoring adaptation.},
note = {Funding: This work was carried out with financial support from the UK Government's Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office and the International Development Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Watson, David; Turnpenny, John
In: Studies in Higher Education, vol. 47, no. 9, pp. 1957–1979, 2022, ISSN: 0307-5079, (This review was compiled as part of the ‘Courage’ project at UEA and was supported by the Office for Students and Research England [Grant Number P4, previously administered by the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE)]. We would like to thank all those involved with the project that contributed to the development of the review and have given feedback on the review as well as those who provided feedback during a presentation at the 1st International Conference on the Mental Health & Wellbeing of Postgraduate Researchers. We would particularly like to thank you Matthew Sillence (UEA) for his support in searching for studies for the review and Tarnia Mears (UEA) for developing the graphic of the PGR wellbeing model.).
@article{5ec7098d399848349b63be528f995057,
title = {Interventions, practices and institutional arrangements for supporting PGR mental health and wellbeing: Reviewing effectiveness and addressing barriers},
author = {David Watson and John Turnpenny},
doi = {10.1080/03075079.2021.2020744},
issn = {0307-5079},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
journal = {Studies in Higher Education},
volume = {47},
number = {9},
pages = {1957--1979},
publisher = {Routledge},
abstract = {A significant, if relatively small, body of literature provides a picture of PGR mental health and wellbeing, and key factors influencing this. However, little has been written on interventions, practices and changes to institutional support for PGRs, how these impact on wellbeing, and what factors influence their success. This paper summarises and synthesises research that has evaluated interventions or institutional changes aimed at supporting PGR mental health and wellbeing. A rapid systematic review methodology identified 21 papers, which evaluated interventions or practices to support PGR wellbeing, gathering data from 1066 students, 33 staff members (mainly supervisors) and 11 recent graduates. The papers included were diverse but limited and therefore did not offer strong evidence for the effectiveness of specific approaches. However, they provided valuable insight, which we conceptualise in a model of approaches to enhancing PGR wellbeing before exploring barriers to implementation of interventions, and recommendations for research, policy and practice.},
note = {This review was compiled as part of the ‘Courage’ project at UEA and was supported by the Office for Students and Research England [Grant Number P4, previously administered by the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE)]. We would like to thank all those involved with the project that contributed to the development of the review and have given feedback on the review as well as those who provided feedback during a presentation at the 1st International Conference on the Mental Health & Wellbeing of Postgraduate Researchers. We would particularly like to thank you Matthew Sillence (UEA) for his support in searching for studies for the review and Tarnia Mears (UEA) for developing the graphic of the PGR wellbeing model.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Camus, Paula; Haigh, Ivan D.; Wahl, Thomas; Nasr, Ahmed A.; Méndez, Fernando; Darby, Stephen E.; Nicholls, Robert J.
Daily synoptic conditions associated with occurrences of compound events in estuaries along North Atlantic coastlines Journal Article
In: International Journal of Climatology, vol. 42, no. 11, pp. 5694–5713, 2022, ISSN: 0899-8418, (Funding Information: This research forms part of the CHANCE project, which is supported by awards from the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NE/S010262/1) and US National Science Foundation (1929382). The authors would like to thank Dirk Eilander for providing support about the use of dataset of simulated water levels and discharge at river mouth locations globally which is available on Zenodo (doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3665734).).
@article{3c35ab204e6e4f989b39ceec9ad16d78,
title = {Daily synoptic conditions associated with occurrences of compound events in estuaries along North Atlantic coastlines},
author = {Paula Camus and Ivan D. Haigh and Thomas Wahl and Ahmed A. Nasr and Fernando Méndez and Stephen E. Darby and Robert J. Nicholls},
doi = {10.1002/joc.7556},
issn = {0899-8418},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
journal = {International Journal of Climatology},
volume = {42},
number = {11},
pages = {5694--5713},
publisher = {Wiley},
abstract = {Coastal compound flooding events occur when extreme events of rainfall, river discharge and sea level coincide and collectively increase water surface elevation, exacerbating flooding. The meteorological conditions that generate these events are usually low-pressure systems that generate high winds and intense rainfall. In this study, we identify the types of synoptic atmospheric conditions that are typically associated with coastal compound events using a weather-type approach, for the North Atlantic coastlines (encompassing northwest Europe and the east coast of the U.S.). Compound events are identified along the estuaries of the study region from 1980 to 2014 based on an impact function defined by water surface elevation that resulted from the combination of river discharge and sea level. We find that compound events are more frequent along European as opposed to US coastlines. In both cases, they are associated with a few dominant weather patterns. European hotspots of compound events are concentrated in the west coast of UK, the northwest coast of the Iberian Peninsula and around the Strait of Gibraltar. These areas share the same weather patterns which represent the main pathways of storms that cross the North Atlantic Ocean. In the case of US locations, the areas with highest number of compound events are located mainly in the Gulf of Mexico and along Mexico and along the mid-eastern US coastlines. In these areas, compound events are produced by transitional weather patterns, which describe storms that travel northward parallel to the coastline. Splitting the occurrence of compound events in the corresponding weather types discriminates the interannual variability based on the relationship with dominant climate indices in the North Atlantic Ocean.},
note = {Funding Information: This research forms part of the CHANCE project, which is supported by awards from the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NE/S010262/1) and US National Science Foundation (1929382). The authors would like to thank Dirk Eilander for providing support about the use of dataset of simulated water levels and discharge at river mouth locations globally which is available on Zenodo (doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3665734).},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Kenny, John; Langsæther, Peter Egge
Environmentalism as an independent dimension of political preferences Journal Article
In: European Journal of Political Research, 2022, ISSN: 0304-4130.
@article{53f658d1f8434bb0855ed44ef2dcddd6,
title = {Environmentalism as an independent dimension of political preferences},
author = {John Kenny and Peter Egge Langsæther},
doi = {10.1111/1475-6765.12549},
issn = {0304-4130},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-08-14},
journal = {European Journal of Political Research},
publisher = {Wiley},
abstract = {Environmental issues are an important aspect of party competition and voters’ political preferences. Yet political behaviour research often considers environmental attitudes as a component of a broader ‘second-dimension’ and either subsumes it into this or omits it. Using data from the fifth wave of the European Values Study, we demonstrate through factor analysis that environmentalism loads as a separate dimension across Western Europe, that environmentalism has somewhat different social predictors and that it has important associations with party preference that differ from those of other second dimension issues. Our findings have crucial implications. Firstly, not accounting for environmentalism in studies of political behaviour misses an important part of the picture. Secondly, subsuming environmentalism into a broader ‘cultural’ dimension may lead to incomplete conclusions about both social predictors and the electoral consequences of political attitudes and values. Thus, allowing for a separate environmental dimension opens up novel perspectives on political representation in Western democracies.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Carmenta, Rachel; Steward, Angela; Albuquerque, Adrielly; Carneiro, Renan; Vira, Bhaskar; Carmona, Natalia Estrada
The comparative performance of land sharing, land sparing type interventions on place‐based human well‐being Journal Article
In: People and Nature, 2022, ISSN: 2575-8314.
@article{479a9e31380f451f93cf01d69039d57d,
title = {The comparative performance of land sharing, land sparing type interventions on place‐based human well‐being},
author = {Rachel Carmenta and Angela Steward and Adrielly Albuquerque and Renan Carneiro and Bhaskar Vira and Natalia Estrada Carmona},
doi = {10.1002/pan3.10384},
issn = {2575-8314},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-08-12},
journal = {People and Nature},
publisher = {Wiley},
abstract = {Environment-facing interventions impact the distribution, use of and access of natural resources and have important implications for all dimensions (material, relational, quality of life) of human well-being (HWB). Yet conventional impact metrics routinely surpass the non-material impacts which may be particularly salient in rural contexts where small-scale farmers depend directly on the land and biodiversity. Furthermore, little is known about the comparative performance of distinct interventions along a land-sharing, versus land sparing gradient, on local definitions of HWB.We address this knowledge gap, adopting a perception-based impact evaluation within communities across four intervention types representing the land sparing, sharing gradient: intensified industrial soy production (n = 60 HHs), a protected area (n = 70), an extractive reserve (n = 70) and a national forest (n = 70) in Pará in the Brazilian Amazon. We collected data using the Global Person Generated Index (GPGI) with household heads (n = 270) in eight communities (two per intervention type). Focus group discussions (n = 8) solicited residents' perceptions of impact pathways.Our findings highlight the important contribution of relational and subjective dimensions to HWB and call in to question the dominance of material measures in standard impact appraisals.Furthermore, we show that single sector and integrated approaches generate ‘polarized impact footprints’ in which integrated approaches achieve (a) more impact, which is (b) more often positive and (c) locally salient, the inverse is true for single-sector sparing style approaches.Areas of well-being that matter locally (culture, health and social relations), but are not impacted by interventions are relational, and point towards the potential of rights-based conservation to empower rural smallholders to remain in their communities while flourishing.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}