Sarah Mander

@article{ef0d1fdb98a2483ebf9d64a5bd26251f,

title = {Advancing Sustainable Development Goals through energy access: Lessons from the Global South},

author = {Angela Mae Minas and Samira García-Freites and Christopher Walsh and Velma Mukoro and Jhud Mikhail Aberilla and Amanda April and Jaise Kuriakose and Carlos Gaete-Morales and Alejandro Gallego Schmid and Sarah Mander},

doi = {10.1016/j.rser.2024.114457},

issn = {1364-0321},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-07-01},

journal = {Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews},

volume = {199},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Under the banner of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG 7), governments, industry, and civil society organisations have supported many energy access projects since 2015. Notably, funding and investments allotted to renewable energy are regarded not only to provide ‘energy for all’ but also support the delivery of other SDGs related to climate change, food security, health, and poverty reduction, among others. With less than 10 years left to meet the SDG 7 targets, it is timely to take stock and examine how the provision of access to energy is driving development initiatives, impacting local communities, and influencing governance processes. This paper offers a critical review and analysis of the impact of access to energy projects based on empirical work from eight country case studies across Africa, Asia, and Latin America. It interrogates how these projects contribute towards achieving SDG 7 and other sustainable development goals, highlights challenges, and then draws lessons for research, policy, and development practice. To advance SDGs, it recommends action in four areas: addressing rural-urban disparities, ensuring that energy is linked to sustainable outcomes, balancing top-down and bottom-up agendas, and appraising implications of techno-economic factors.},

note = {Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Authors},

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pubstate = {published},

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}

@article{66cc47f95802444fa35bf123afcc97a5,

title = {Structural Resilience of Pole-mounted Substations Subjected to Flooding: Generalized Framework and a Malaysian Case Study},

author = {Wenzhu Li and Lee Cunningham and David Schultz and Sarah Mander and Chin Kim Gan and Mathaios Panteli},

doi = {10.1061/AJRUA6.RUENG-1143},

issn = {2376-7642},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-01},

journal = {ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems, Part A: Civil Engineering},

volume = {10},

number = {2},

publisher = {American Society of Civil Engineers},

abstract = {Substations are vital components of electricity supply, representing a weak point in a power network due to their vulnerability to flood events. Pole-mounted substations can effectively mitigate inundation failures by elevating electrical equipment. However, the supporting structures of such substations often are not designed to withstand flood flows, and thus are prone to structural failure. This paper proposes a generalized framework to quantify the structural failure probabilities of pole-mounted substations and to assess their structural resilience to flooding. The generalized framework was applied to a case-study location in Malaysia, where serious flood events are common and pole-mounted substations abound. The study first identifies and quantifies the flood effects on the poles, including pure hydrodynamic forces, the impact of floating debris, debris damming effects, and scouring. The quantified flood effects then are compared with the structural capacity of a typical pole-mounted substation structure and its foundation, to derive a capacity threshold curve for structural failure. The failure probability is illustrated via fragility curves for different flood depths and risk curves for different flood and wind return periods, to assess further the substation’s structural resilience. The aforementioned curves are based on a stochastic distribution of flood depths and velocities represented by a normalized Weibull function. This approach can be adapted easily to depict flood conditions for any given location. Overall, the results of this paper can help stakeholders, including those designing and managing substation structures, to quantify, assess, and further enhance the flood resilience of power-supply networks.},

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@article{78029f08f9504592b0b34bda6168b2ee,

title = {Driving change from Our Streets: Insights from a community initiative to reduce car use for short journeys},

author = {Angela Mae Minas and Sarah Mander},

doi = {10.1016/j.sctalk.2022.100120},

issn = {2772-5693},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-03-01},

journal = {Science Talks},

volume = {5},

number = {100120},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {The role of grassroots actors in climate change mitigation is widely recognized, yet within studies of transport and mobility, less is known about how grassroots projects can influence peoples' local travel decisions. We contribute to filling this gap by exploring how protective spaces of grassroots movements can be nurtured to drive mitigation actions. We present a case study of Our Streets Chorlton (OSC) – a community-led initiative in South Manchester (UK), which aimed to co-create solutions for reducing car use for short journeys. With support from The National Lottery, OSC engaged in activities that allowed them to gather support and build a network of local people, and understand the factors that help shape the communities' travel decisions. Using a range of methods, including interviews and community surveys, we gained insights on how OSC's ‘bridging role’ contributes to increasing interest in making low carbon travel choices, and in overcoming their barriers to transforming travel such as transport infrastructure, convenience of car use relative to people's routine and different commitments (e.g., work, caring responsibilities). Our findings highlight the need to build and/or strengthen ‘bridges’ between communities and the regime (existing ways of doing travel) if community-based initiatives are to be successful.},

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@article{a19367c0cabd4af0874922e322db8e76,

title = {Financing grassroots innovation diffusion pathways: the case of UK community energy},

author = {Iain Cairns and Matthew Hannon and Tim Braunholtz-Speight and Carly Mclachlan and Sarah Mander and Jeff Hardy and Maria Sharmina and Ed Manderson},

doi = {10.1016/j.eist.2022.11.004},

issn = {2210-4224},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-03-01},

journal = {Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions},

volume = {46},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {This paper explores how finance can better support the diffusion of Grassroots Innovations (GIs), community-led solutions for net-zero transitions. We examine the case of UK community energy (CE), across three ‘diffusion pathways’: niche replication (growth in the number of projects), individual scaling (growth in an organisation's scale) and collective diffusion (a confederation of GIs). We investigate each pathway through analysis of a nationwide survey, interviews and four case studies. We find that while finance currently supports replication of small-scale CE projects, the incompatibility between GIs and the wider finance meta-regime inhibits individual scaling. The UK CE sector has responded with collective diffusion, via business group intermediaries; attracting greater but still insufficient finance. Consequently, for GIs to diffuse effectively, they must be supported to translate across both sectoral regimes (e.g. energy) and broader meta-regimes (e.g. finance). This paper contributes to theory on the role of finance in sociotechnical transitions and the role of intermediaries in GI diffusion.},

note = {Funding Information: Fourth, even though the public sector has intervened, introducing new rule sets into the finance meta-regime to support small scale development, thus far this has been insufficient to drive widespread diffusion of CE. The devolved administrations in Scotland and Wales have moved to address a shortage of capital investment for small scale ventures ( Fig. 2 ). In Scotland, for example, the Scottish Government-backed Energy Investment Fund operates as a secondary lender to supply small sums of capital and de-risk investment for private banks ( Cairns et al., 2020c ). Conversely, smaller scale projects receive limited finance support from the UK government. Publisher Copyright: © 2022},

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@article{4608bc1c0dad412bbb8c6bfc99a35706b,

title = {CCS industrial clusters: Building a social license to operate},

author = {Clair Gough and Sarah Mander},

doi = {10.1016/j.ijggc.2022.103713},

issn = {1750-5836},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-09-01},

journal = {International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control},

volume = {119},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {This paper explores the opportunities for, and progress in, establishing a social licence to operate (SLO) for CCS in industrial clusters in the UK, focusing on the perspectives of key stakeholders. The evolution of narratives and networks relating to geographical clusters as niches for CCS in industrial decarbonisation is evaluated in relation to seven pillars supporting SLO. Evidence is drawn from a combination of cluster mapping, documentary analysis and stakeholder interviews to identify the wider contexts underpinning industrial decarbonisation, stakeholder networks, interaction and communication, critical narratives, the conditions for establishing trust and confidence, different scales of social licence and maintaining a SLO. The delivery of a sustainable industrial decarbonisation strategy will depend on multiple layers of social licence involving discourses at different scales and, potentially, for different systems (heat, transport, different industrial processes). Despite setbacks as a result of funding cancellations and changes to government policy, the UK is positioned to be at the forefront of CCS deployment. While there is a high ambition and a strong narrative from government of the urgency to accelerate projects involving CCS, clear coordinated strategy and funding frameworks are necessary to build confidence that UK policy is both compatible with net zero and economically viable.},

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@article{4608bc1c0dad412bbb8c6bfc99a35706,

title = {CCS industrial clusters: Building a social license to operate},

author = {Clair Gough and Sarah Mander},

doi = {10.1016/j.ijggc.2022.103713},

issn = {1750-5836},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-09-01},

journal = {International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control},

volume = {119},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {This paper explores the opportunities for, and progress in, establishing a social licence to operate (SLO) for CCS in industrial clusters in the UK, focusing on the perspectives of key stakeholders. The evolution of narratives and networks relating to geographical clusters as niches for CCS in industrial decarbonisation is evaluated in relation to seven pillars supporting SLO. Evidence is drawn from a combination of cluster mapping, documentary analysis and stakeholder interviews to identify the wider contexts underpinning industrial decarbonisation, stakeholder networks, interaction and communication, critical narratives, the conditions for establishing trust and confidence, different scales of social licence and maintaining a SLO. The delivery of a sustainable industrial decarbonisation strategy will depend on multiple layers of social licence involving discourses at different scales and, potentially, for different systems (heat, transport, different industrial processes). Despite setbacks as a result of funding cancellations and changes to government policy, the UK is positioned to be at the forefront of CCS deployment. While there is a high ambition and a strong narrative from government of the urgency to accelerate projects involving CCS, clear coordinated strategy and funding frameworks are necessary to build confidence that UK policy is both compatible with net zero and economically viable.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

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}

@article{04e9c079d81f48cbb31dc508ad2cfe70,

title = {CCS industrial clusters: building a social licence to operate},

author = {Clair Gough and Sarah Mander},

issn = {1750-5836},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-06-01},

journal = {International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {This paper explores the opportunities for, and progress in, establishing a social licence to operate (SLO) for CCS in industrial clusters in the UK, focusing on the perspectives of key stakeholders. The evolution of narratives and networks relating to geographical clusters as niches for CCS in industrial decarbonisation is evaluated in relation to seven pillars supporting SLO. Evidence is drawn from a combination of cluster mapping, documentary analysis and stakeholder interviews to identify the wider contexts underpinning industrial decarbonisation, stakeholder networks, interaction and communication, critical narratives, the conditions for establishing trust and confidence, different scales of social licence and maintaining a SLO. The delivery of a sustainable industrial decarbonisation strategy will depend on multiple layers of social licence involving discourses at different scales and, potentially, for different systems (heat, transport, different industrial processes). Despite setbacks as a result of funding cancellations and changes to government policy, the UK is positioned to be at the forefront of CCS deployment. While there is a high ambition and a strong narrative from government of the urgency to accelerate projects involving CCS, clear coordinated strategy and funding frameworks are necessary to build confidence that UK policy is both compatible with net zero and economically viable.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{1df6e886992e45488ed0dc6736170ee9,

title = {Low carbon system innovation through an energy justice lens: Exploring domestic heat pump adoption with direct load control in the United Kingdom},

author = {Philippa Calver and Sarah Mander and Dana Abi Ghanem},

doi = {10.1016/j.erss.2021.102299},

issn = {2214-6296},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Energy Research & Social Science},

volume = {83},

pages = {102299},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {In the context of climate change, global industrialised nations are grappling with transforming energy networks to support a low carbon future. Using an energy justice framework this work aims to understand holistic outcomes of one low-carbon energy network intervention: demand-side response enacted on domestic heat pumps. By exploring participants’ lived experience of a pilot project, from recruitment to installation and use, this work reveals how injustices were reduced, introduced and amplified. Choice, consent, cost, comfort, disruption and control are highlighted as key aspects of interest when considering the distributive, procedural, and recognition implications of this domestic innovation. For a net reduction of energy injustices to be realised, we highlight the need for project designers to work in partnership with end users to optimise the benefits for the household and the electricity system. Whilst this is a UK study, the themes and findings are internationally applicable for interventions that aim to harness the flexibility of heating, the predominantly largest global energy end-use.},

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pubstate = {published},

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@article{464ec92b33594fb2970306f06dd5bf2a,

title = {Transformations for climate change mitigation: A systematic review of terminology, concepts, and characteristics},

author = {Sarah Mander and Claire Hoolohan and Angela Mae Minas},

doi = {10.1002/wcc.738},

issn = {1757-7780},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-11-01},

journal = {Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change},

volume = {12},

number = {6},

publisher = {John Wiley & Sons Ltd},

abstract = {Deep, broad, and rapid society-wide changes are urgently required to limit global temperature rise in line with the goals of the Paris Agreement. Since 2005, academics and policy makers have increasingly referred to such changes as transformations. This recent uptake and rapid diffusion of transformation-related concepts in research on climate change mitigation calls for a systematic and up-to-date analysis. In this article, we address this gap by undertaking a systematic review of articles that use transformation-related terms in the social science literature on climate change mitigation. Drawing on a corpus of 198 articles identified from Scopus, we find a diverse, fragmented research field that strongly focuses on the national, city, and international levels, the energy sector, and high-income countries. Although the use of transformation terminology has increased rapidly, there are few shared definitions, which arguably constitutes a serious challenge to scholarship and evidence-based policy making. To facilitate a more cumulative and impactful approach to research, we propose transformational climate change mitigation as a new umbrella term for the varied mitigation-related societal transformations required to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement. We conclude by identifying priorities for future research.},

note = {Funding Information: Economic and Social Research Council (via the Centre for Climate Change and Social Transformations [CAST]), Grant/Award Number: ES/S012257/1; European Research Council (via DeepDCarb Advanced Grant Project), Grant/Award Number: 882601 Funding information Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors. WIREs Climate Change published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.},

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}

@article{5f99d425d7bb45dbb12585241a12c2be,

title = {Transformations for climate change mitigation: A systematic review of terminology, concepts, and characteristics},

author = {Brendan Moore and Caroline Verfuerth and Angela Mae Minas and Christianne Tipping and Sarah Mander and Irene Lorenzoni and Claire Hoolohan and Andrew J. Jordan and Lorraine Whitmarsh},

doi = {10.1002/wcc.738},

issn = {1757-7780},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-11-01},

journal = {Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change},

volume = {12},

number = {6},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {Deep, broad, and rapid society-wide changes are urgently required to limit global temperature rise in line with the goals of the Paris Agreement. Since 2005, academics and policy makers have increasingly referred to such changes as transformations. This recent uptake and rapid diffusion of transformation-related concepts in research on climate change mitigation calls for a systematic and up-to-date analysis. In this article, we address this gap by undertaking a systematic review of articles that use transformation-related terms in the social science literature on climate change mitigation. Drawing on a corpus of 198 articles identified from Scopus, we find a diverse, fragmented research field that strongly focuses on the national, city, and international levels, the energy sector, and high-income countries. Although the use of transformation terminology has increased rapidly, there are few shared definitions, which arguably constitutes a serious challenge to scholarship and evidence-based policy making. To facilitate a more cumulative and impactful approach to research, we propose transformational climate change mitigation as a new umbrella term for the varied mitigation-related societal transformations required to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement. We conclude by identifying priorities for future research.},

note = {Funding Information: Economic and Social Research Council (via the Centre for Climate Change and Social Transformations [CAST]), Grant/Award Number: ES/S012257/1; European Research Council (via DeepDCarb Advanced Grant Project), Grant/Award Number: 882601.},

keywords = {},

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tppubtype = {article}

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@article{0014ec7ce3094223b3577ef4b48cdb6fb,

title = {The long term future for community energy in Great Britain: a co-created vision of a thriving sector and steps towards realising it},

author = {Tim Braunholtz-Speight and Carly McLachlan and Sarah Mander and Matthew Hannon and Jeff Hardy and Iain Cairns and Maria Sharmina and Edward Manderson},

doi = {10.1016/j.erss.2021.102044},

issn = {2214-6296},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-06-16},

journal = {Energy Research & Social Science},

volume = {78},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Explorations of the longer-term potential for community energy to contribute to the energy transition can shape policy and practice today. However, much community energy research in Great Britain is currently, and understandably, focussed on short-term responses to the crisis in the sector induced by recent shifts in policy support. Therefore, we held a series of visioning and backcasting workshops with community energy practitioners and other stakeholders, to co-create a vision of a long term future where there is a thriving community energy sector.This paper presents the results of those workshops. Using the concept of business models to interrogate how community energy could be structured in the future, we find that the sector could diversify from its current focus on renewable electricity generation and energy efficiency, into new areas of the energy system: demand-side flexibility, mobility and heat. We also see potential for a Community Energy Confederation to help bridge the gap between the strengths of local organising, and the opportunities offered by larger scale activities. We identify the importance of actions by government – both at national and local level – to realising this vision, in combination with the efforts of the community energy sector itself of course. We conclude that our research highlights the need for change in the institutional and spatial character of community energy; the sector’s pragmatic attitude to the technological aspects of the energy transition; and its focus on community energy’s role in delivering social and environmental co-benefits, in line with the concept of a just transition.},

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@article{0014ec7ce3094223b3577ef4b48cdb6f,

title = {The long term future for community energy in Great Britain: a co-created vision of a thriving sector and steps towards realising it},

author = {Tim Braunholtz-Speight and Carly McLachlan and Sarah Mander and Matthew Hannon and Jeff Hardy and Iain Cairns and Maria Sharmina and Edward Manderson},

doi = {10.1016/j.erss.2021.102044},

issn = {2214-6296},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-06-16},

journal = {Energy Research & Social Science},

volume = {78},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Explorations of the longer-term potential for community energy to contribute to the energy transition can shape policy and practice today. However, much community energy research in Great Britain is currently, and understandably, focussed on short-term responses to the crisis in the sector induced by recent shifts in policy support. Therefore, we held a series of visioning and backcasting workshops with community energy practitioners and other stakeholders, to co-create a vision of a long term future where there is a thriving community energy sector.This paper presents the results of those workshops. Using the concept of business models to interrogate how community energy could be structured in the future, we find that the sector could diversify from its current focus on renewable electricity generation and energy efficiency, into new areas of the energy system: demand-side flexibility, mobility and heat. We also see potential for a Community Energy Confederation to help bridge the gap between the strengths of local organising, and the opportunities offered by larger scale activities. We identify the importance of actions by government – both at national and local level – to realising this vision, in combination with the efforts of the community energy sector itself of course. We conclude that our research highlights the need for change in the institutional and spatial character of community energy; the sector’s pragmatic attitude to the technological aspects of the energy transition; and its focus on community energy’s role in delivering social and environmental co-benefits, in line with the concept of a just transition.},

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@article{3f45699dc91c4b0292b24e9cd195b618b,

title = {Responding to the climate emergency: how are UK universities establishing sustainable workplace routines for flying and food?},

author = {Claire Hoolohan and Carly McLachlan and Christopher Jones and Alice Larkin and Christina Birch and Sarah Mander and John Broderick},

issn = {1469-3062},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-21},

journal = {Climate Policy},

publisher = {Earthscan},

abstract = {Scope 3 emissions from the UK higher education sector are globally significant, and long-distance air travel and catering are particularly emissions-intensive aspects of workplace routine. They each present complex problems, as transition to low-carbon alternatives requires the reconfiguration of professional practices. This paper examines the sustainability policies of 66 UK universities to establish the extent to which planning and action in these areas are commensurate with climate emergency declarations. The findings indicate that universities recognise their role in creating demand for long-distance travel and sustaining high-carbon diets. However, few have specific emissions reduction targets or action plans that would rapidly and substantially reduce emissions in these areas. Discussion focuses on two core points; first, how greater cohesion in reporting and target-setting can be achieved across the sector to raise the ambition of targets and intervention; and second to identify opportunities for institutions to disrupt and reshape professional practices to reduce emissions in these areas.},

keywords = {},

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}

@article{3f45699dc91c4b0292b24e9cd195b618,

title = {Responding to the climate emergency: how are UK universities establishing sustainable workplace routines for flying and food?},

author = {Claire Hoolohan and Carly McLachlan and Christopher Jones and Alice Larkin and Christina Birch and Sarah Mander and John Broderick},

issn = {1469-3062},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-21},

journal = {Climate Policy},

publisher = {Earthscan},

abstract = {Scope 3 emissions from the UK higher education sector are globally significant, and long-distance air travel and catering are particularly emissions-intensive aspects of workplace routine. They each present complex problems, as transition to low-carbon alternatives requires the reconfiguration of professional practices. This paper examines the sustainability policies of 66 UK universities to establish the extent to which planning and action in these areas are commensurate with climate emergency declarations. The findings indicate that universities recognise their role in creating demand for long-distance travel and sustaining high-carbon diets. However, few have specific emissions reduction targets or action plans that would rapidly and substantially reduce emissions in these areas. Discussion focuses on two core points; first, how greater cohesion in reporting and target-setting can be achieved across the sector to raise the ambition of targets and intervention; and second to identify opportunities for institutions to disrupt and reshape professional practices to reduce emissions in these areas.},

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@article{dc5f21066ccc49fd9922a14e2bb9e765,

title = {How can we engage farmers in bioenergy development? Building a social innovation strategy for rice straw bioenergy in the Philippines and Vietnam},

author = {Angela Mae Minas and Sarah Mander and Carly McLachlan},

doi = {10.1016/j.erss.2020.101717},

issn = {2214-6296},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-12-01},

journal = {Energy Research & Social Science},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Involving farmers and local communities in bioenergy development is important for the deployment of sustainable bioenergy systems, especially if rural areas are to maximise potential co-benefits from energy provision. Focusing on rice straw bioenergy in the Philippines and Vietnam, our research explored how farmers’ social networks can serve as a platform for social innovation – an emerging approach to energy transitions aimed at delivering solutions by empowering local people. Specifically, we used tools in social network analysis to map how farmers mobilise resources within their communities, who influences their decisions on the farm, and the stories embedded in their interactions. This allowed us to develop insights on how different actors in farmers’ networks may be best connected to support collaborative partnerships and co-designing of solutions that meet their development needs. Our results showed potential windows of opportunity to engage farmers in bioenergy development. First, by connecting them to resource providers; and second, by developing capacities and network structures in rice farming communities to enable more resource sharing. Based on these, we propose a social innovation strategy useful for bioenergy project developers and local stakeholders to help ensure that farmers and other actors in the community can take active roles in the rice straw bioenergy development process.},

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@article{ca3c5aac20b0423fbeb2cb84b68ee200b,

title = {Business Models and Financial Characteristics of Community Energy in the UK},

author = {Tim Braunholtz-Speight and Maria Sharmina and Edward Manderson and Carly McLachlan and Matthew Hannon and Jeff Hardy and Sarah Mander},

doi = {10.1038/s41560-019-0546-4},

issn = {2058-7546},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-02-10},

journal = {Nature Energy},

volume = {5},

number = {2},

pages = {169–177},

publisher = {Springer Nature},

abstract = {Where energy systems are dominated by large-scale actors, community energy represents an alternative model: a decentralised and participatory approach to delivering low-carbon energy projects. This paper presents the first UK-wide quantitative analysis of business models, financing mechanisms and financial performance of community energy projects, using data from a new survey of the sector. We find that business models depend partly on the energy technology used and on project size, in addition to fine-tuning of operations to local contexts. While larger projects rely more heavily on loan financing, community shares are the most commonly used and cheapest financial instrument in the sector. Community energy has thus pioneered low cost citizen finance for renewables, but its potential to grow is threatened by reductions, and instability, in policy support. Over 90% of the projects in our sample made a financial surplus in our single year snapshot, but if we remove income from price guarantee mechanisms, such as the Feed-in Tariff scheme, we find that the number of projects in surplus falls to just 20%. Renewed support and/or business model innovations are therefore needed for the sector to realise its potential contribution to the low-carbon energy transition.},

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@article{ca3c5aac20b0423fbeb2cb84b68ee200,

title = {Business Models and Financial Characteristics of Community Energy in the UK},

author = {Tim Braunholtz-Speight and Maria Sharmina and Edward Manderson and Carly McLachlan and Matthew Hannon and Jeff Hardy and Sarah Mander},

doi = {10.1038/s41560-019-0546-4},

issn = {2058-7546},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-02-10},

journal = {Nature Energy},

volume = {5},

number = {2},

pages = {169–177},

publisher = {Springer Nature},

abstract = {Where energy systems are dominated by large-scale actors, community energy represents an alternative model: a decentralised and participatory approach to delivering low-carbon energy projects. This paper presents the first UK-wide quantitative analysis of business models, financing mechanisms and financial performance of community energy projects, using data from a new survey of the sector. We find that business models depend partly on the energy technology used and on project size, in addition to fine-tuning of operations to local contexts. While larger projects rely more heavily on loan financing, community shares are the most commonly used and cheapest financial instrument in the sector. Community energy has thus pioneered low cost citizen finance for renewables, but its potential to grow is threatened by reductions, and instability, in policy support. Over 90% of the projects in our sample made a financial surplus in our single year snapshot, but if we remove income from price guarantee mechanisms, such as the Feed-in Tariff scheme, we find that the number of projects in surplus falls to just 20%. Renewed support and/or business model innovations are therefore needed for the sector to realise its potential contribution to the low-carbon energy transition.},

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}

@article{cab90fd0031142c7a8866f475075789ab,

title = {Price support allows communities to raise low-cost citizen finance for renewable energy projects},

author = {Tim Braunholtz-Speight and Maria Sharmina and Edward Manderson and Carly McLachlan and Matthew Hannon and Jeff Hardy and Sarah Mander},

doi = {10.1038/s41560-020-0556-2},

issn = {2058-7546},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Nature Energy},

volume = {5},

number = {2},

publisher = {Springer Nature},

abstract = {Community energy groups can raise citizen finance for renewable energy projects at lower interest rates than from commercial lenders, but they often depend on price guarantee schemes. Policies providing price stability and business model innovations are needed to realize the sector’s potential contribution to the zero-carbon energy transition.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

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@article{cab90fd0031142c7a8866f475075789a,

title = {Price support allows communities to raise low-cost citizen finance for renewable energy projects},

author = {Tim Braunholtz-Speight and Maria Sharmina and Edward Manderson and Carly McLachlan and Matthew Hannon and Jeff Hardy and Sarah Mander},

doi = {10.1038/s41560-020-0556-2},

issn = {2058-7546},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Nature Energy},

volume = {5},

number = {2},

publisher = {Springer Nature},

abstract = {Community energy groups can raise citizen finance for renewable energy projects at lower interest rates than from commercial lenders, but they often depend on price guarantee schemes. Policies providing price stability and business model innovations are needed to realize the sector’s potential contribution to the zero-carbon energy transition.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ef367dea02b94a06abbf4dd36caffd83b,

title = {Beyond social acceptability: applying lessons from CCS social science to support deployment of BECCS},

author = {Clair Gough and Sarah Mander},

doi = {10.1007/s40518-019-00137-0},

issn = {2196-3010},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-11-24},

journal = {Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports},

pages = {1–8},

publisher = {Springer Nature},

abstract = {Purpose of reviewThis paper assesses social science research relating to BECCS and considers the applicability of research on CCS to BECCS.Recent findingsIn recent years, social science research on CCS and BECCS has gone beyond an evaluation of public acceptance to provide a more nuanced analysis of the wider social political, ethical and governance contexts in which large scale deployment might be achieved. This raises issues at global, local and regional scales, requiring a wide array of methods and approaches. Summary Awareness of the scale and urgency needed to act on climate change is growing and the role of BECCS in delivering carbon dioxide removal forms a central argument for the use of this family of technologies. Here, framing becomes a critical factor in how society responds to BECCS technologies and we argue that making the case for BECCS as a means of extending mitigation to make a ‘net zero’ goal achievable, could be the key to its acceptable and sustainable deployment.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ef367dea02b94a06abbf4dd36caffd83,

title = {Beyond social acceptability: applying lessons from CCS social science to support deployment of BECCS},

author = {Clair Gough and Sarah Mander},

doi = {10.1007/s40518-019-00137-0},

issn = {2196-3010},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-11-24},

journal = {Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports},

pages = {1–8},

publisher = {Springer Nature},

abstract = {Purpose of reviewThis paper assesses social science research relating to BECCS and considers the applicability of research on CCS to BECCS.Recent findingsIn recent years, social science research on CCS and BECCS has gone beyond an evaluation of public acceptance to provide a more nuanced analysis of the wider social political, ethical and governance contexts in which large scale deployment might be achieved. This raises issues at global, local and regional scales, requiring a wide array of methods and approaches. Summary Awareness of the scale and urgency needed to act on climate change is growing and the role of BECCS in delivering carbon dioxide removal forms a central argument for the use of this family of technologies. Here, framing becomes a critical factor in how society responds to BECCS technologies and we argue that making the case for BECCS as a means of extending mitigation to make a ‘net zero’ goal achievable, could be the key to its acceptable and sustainable deployment.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ab60ddcf39164c8491376fd9cb94ba30b,

title = {Trade and trade-offs: Shipping in changing climates},

author = {Conor Walsh and Nicholas-Joseph Lazarou and Michael Traut and James Price and Carlo Raucci and Maria Sharmina and Paolo Agnolucci and Sarah Mander and Paul Gilbert and Kevin Anderson and Alice Larkin and Tristan Smith},

doi = {10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103537},

issn = {0308-597X},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Marine Policy},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {This paper addresses the evolution of maritime transport demand in response to global climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts. The complexity of the global shipping system makes predicting volumes and patterns of long-term future international maritime trade a challenging task which is best explored by building scenarios rather than ‘precise’ forecasts. We present four contrasting scenarios of international maritime trade out to 2050, available in high resolution in terms of the dimensions studied (regions, countries, commodities, decades), which are consistent with high and low levels of global CO2 mitigation and associated climate impacts. The scenarios project trade increasing to between two and four times the 2010 value by 2050. Scenarios characterised by low temperature increases and material intensity lead to the lower bound trade increase with high trade growth in bioenergy commodities. Unfettered production growth across countries, high temperature increases and material intensity lead to a quadrupling of trade across energy, containerised, dry and wet commodities. The estimated range is lower than those in existing scenarios and forecasts in which globalisation is assumed to continue apace. The scenarios which project the highest growth presupposes both limited decarbonisation (in contrast to the Paris Agreement) and continued growth in expanding markets. The scenarios therefore become a valuable policy and decision-making tool to address technological and operational change required of the shipping sector, if it is to deliver mitigation in line with the Paris Agreement.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ab60ddcf39164c8491376fd9cb94ba30,

title = {Trade and trade-offs: Shipping in changing climates},

author = {Conor Walsh and Nicholas-Joseph Lazarou and Michael Traut and James Price and Carlo Raucci and Maria Sharmina and Paolo Agnolucci and Sarah Mander and Paul Gilbert and Kevin Anderson and Alice Larkin and Tristan Smith},

doi = {10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103537},

issn = {0308-597X},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Marine Policy},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {This paper addresses the evolution of maritime transport demand in response to global climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts. The complexity of the global shipping system makes predicting volumes and patterns of long-term future international maritime trade a challenging task which is best explored by building scenarios rather than ‘precise’ forecasts. We present four contrasting scenarios of international maritime trade out to 2050, available in high resolution in terms of the dimensions studied (regions, countries, commodities, decades), which are consistent with high and low levels of global CO2 mitigation and associated climate impacts. The scenarios project trade increasing to between two and four times the 2010 value by 2050. Scenarios characterised by low temperature increases and material intensity lead to the lower bound trade increase with high trade growth in bioenergy commodities. Unfettered production growth across countries, high temperature increases and material intensity lead to a quadrupling of trade across energy, containerised, dry and wet commodities. The estimated range is lower than those in existing scenarios and forecasts in which globalisation is assumed to continue apace. The scenarios which project the highest growth presupposes both limited decarbonisation (in contrast to the Paris Agreement) and continued growth in expanding markets. The scenarios therefore become a valuable policy and decision-making tool to address technological and operational change required of the shipping sector, if it is to deliver mitigation in line with the Paris Agreement.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{6853352a104741d890e1a012e810143b,

title = {Evaluating the use of biomass energy with carbon capture and storage in low emission scenarios},

author = {Naomi E. Vaughan and Clair Gough and Sarah Mander and Emma W. Littleton and Andrew Welfle and David E. H. J. Gernaat and Detlef P. Vuuren},

doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/aaaa02},

issn = {1748-9326},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-03-29},

journal = {Environmental Research Letters},

volume = {13},

number = {4},

publisher = {IOP Publishing Ltd},

abstract = {Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) is heavily relied upon in scenarios of future emissions that are consistent with limiting global mean temperature increase to 1.5 °C or 2 °C above pre-industrial. These temperature limits are defined in the Paris Agreement in order to reduce the risks and impacts of climate change. Here, we explore the use of BECCS technologies in a reference scenario and three low emission scenarios generated by an integrated assessment model (IMAGE). Using these scenarios we investigate the feasibility of key implicit and explicit assumptions about these BECCS technologies, including biomass resource, land use, CO2 storage capacity and carbon capture and storage (CCS) deployment rate. In these scenarios, we find that half of all global CO2 storage required by 2100 occurs in USA, Western Europe, China and India, which is compatible with current estimates of regional CO2 storage capacity. CCS deployment rates in the scenarios are very challenging compared to historical rates of fossil, renewable or nuclear technologies and are entirely dependent on stringent policy action to incentivise CCS. In the scenarios, half of the biomass resource is derived from agricultural and forestry residues and half from dedicated bioenergy crops grown on abandoned agricultural land and expansion into grasslands (i.e. land for forests and food production is protected). Poor governance of the sustainability of bioenergy crop production can significantly limit the amount of CO2 removed by BECCS, through soil carbon loss from direct and indirect land use change. Only one-third of the bioenergy crops are grown in regions associated with more developed governance frameworks. Overall, the scenarios in IMAGE are ambitious but consistent with current relevant literature with respect to assumed biomass resource, land use and CO2 storage capacity.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{39d8316721f743478297faab96ffe013b,

title = {Evaluating the use of biomass energy with carbon capture and storage in low emission scenarios},

author = {Naomi E. Vaughan and Clair Gough and Sarah Mander and Emma W. Littleton and Andrew Welfle and David E. H. J. Gernaat and Detlef P. Van Vuuren},

doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/aaaa02},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-03-29},

journal = {Environmental Research Letters},

volume = {13},

number = {4},

publisher = {IOP Publishing Ltd},

abstract = {Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) is heavily relied upon in scenarios of future emissions that are consistent with limiting global mean temperature increase to 1.5 °C or 2 °C above pre-industrial. These temperature limits are defined in the Paris Agreement in order to reduce the risks and impacts of climate change. Here, we explore the use of BECCS technologies in a reference scenario and three low emission scenarios generated by an integrated assessment model (IMAGE). Using these scenarios we investigate the feasibility of key implicit and explicit assumptions about these BECCS technologies, including biomass resource, land use, CO2 storage capacity and carbon capture and storage (CCS) deployment rate. In these scenarios, we find that half of all global CO2 storage required by 2100 occurs in USA, Western Europe, China and India, which is compatible with current estimates of regional CO2 storage capacity. CCS deployment rates in the scenarios are very challenging compared to historical rates of fossil, renewable or nuclear technologies and are entirely dependent on stringent policy action to incentivise CCS. In the scenarios, half of the biomass resource is derived from agricultural and forestry residues and half from dedicated bioenergy crops grown on abandoned agricultural land and expansion into grasslands (i.e. land for forests and food production is protected). Poor governance of the sustainability of bioenergy crop production can significantly limit the amount of CO2 removed by BECCS, through soil carbon loss from direct and indirect land use change. Only one-third of the bioenergy crops are grown in regions associated with more developed governance frameworks. Overall, the scenarios in IMAGE are ambitious but consistent with current relevant literature with respect to assumed biomass resource, land use and CO2 storage capacity.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{39d8316721f743478297faab96ffe013,

title = {Evaluating the use of biomass energy with carbon capture and storage in low emission scenarios},

author = {Naomi E. Vaughan and Clair Gough and Sarah Mander and Emma W. Littleton and Andrew Welfle and David E. H. J. Gernaat and Detlef P. Van Vuuren},

doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/aaaa02},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-03-29},

journal = {Environmental Research Letters},

volume = {13},

number = {4},

publisher = {IOP Publishing Ltd},

abstract = {Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) is heavily relied upon in scenarios of future emissions that are consistent with limiting global mean temperature increase to 1.5 °C or 2 °C above pre-industrial. These temperature limits are defined in the Paris Agreement in order to reduce the risks and impacts of climate change. Here, we explore the use of BECCS technologies in a reference scenario and three low emission scenarios generated by an integrated assessment model (IMAGE). Using these scenarios we investigate the feasibility of key implicit and explicit assumptions about these BECCS technologies, including biomass resource, land use, CO2 storage capacity and carbon capture and storage (CCS) deployment rate. In these scenarios, we find that half of all global CO2 storage required by 2100 occurs in USA, Western Europe, China and India, which is compatible with current estimates of regional CO2 storage capacity. CCS deployment rates in the scenarios are very challenging compared to historical rates of fossil, renewable or nuclear technologies and are entirely dependent on stringent policy action to incentivise CCS. In the scenarios, half of the biomass resource is derived from agricultural and forestry residues and half from dedicated bioenergy crops grown on abandoned agricultural land and expansion into grasslands (i.e. land for forests and food production is protected). Poor governance of the sustainability of bioenergy crop production can significantly limit the amount of CO2 removed by BECCS, through soil carbon loss from direct and indirect land use change. Only one-third of the bioenergy crops are grown in regions associated with more developed governance frameworks. Overall, the scenarios in IMAGE are ambitious but consistent with current relevant literature with respect to assumed biomass resource, land use and CO2 storage capacity.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ad22f595bcc6472f8ed499ed45892206,

title = {A multi-disciplinary analysis of UK grid mix scenarios with large-scale PV deployment},

author = {Marco Raugei and Enrica Leccisi and Brian Azzopardi and Christopher Jones and Paul Gilbert and Lingxi Zhang and Yutian Zhou and Sarah Mander and Pierluigi Mancarella},

doi = {10.1016/j.enpol.2017.11.062},

issn = {0301-4215},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-03-01},

journal = {Energy Policy},

volume = {114},

pages = {51–62},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {The increasing contribution of renewable energies to electricity grids in order to address impending environmental challenges implies a reduction in non-renewable resource use and an alignment with a global transition toward a low-carbon electric sector. In this paper, four future UK grid mix scenarios with increased photovoltaic (PV) installed capacity are assessed and compared to a benchmark “Low PV” scenario, from 2016 to 2035. The complexity of the issue requires a multi-disciplinary approach to evaluate the availability of net energy, environmental aspects and technical performance. Hence, the comparison between scenarios includes short-term and long-term energy metrics as well as greenhouse gas (GHG) and technical metrics. Also, the paper considers the viewpoints offered by both an “integrative” and a “dynamic” approach to net energy analysis. Results for all five analysed scenarios indicate that increased PV deployment will not be detrimental to the UK grid performance from the points of view of a wide range of system-level technical (% renewable energy curtailment to ensure grid stability), energy (energy return on investment and non-renewable cumulative energy demand) and environmental (greenhouse gas emissions) metrics.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2013,

title = {Evaluating the use of biomass energy with carbon capture and storage in low emission scenarios},

author = {N Vaughan and C Gough and S Mander and EW Littleton and A Welfle and D Gernaat and D P van Vuuren},

url = {http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aaaa02},

doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/aaaa02},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Research Letters},

volume = {13},

abstract = {<p>Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) is heavily relied upon in scenarios of future emissions that are consistent with limiting global mean temperature increase to 1.5 textdegreeC or 2 textdegreeC above pre-industrial. These temperature limits are defined in the Paris Agreement in order to reduce the risks and impacts of climate change. Here, we explore the use of BECCS technologies in a reference scenario and three low emission scenarios generated by an integrated assessment model (IMAGE). Using these scenarios we investigate the feasibility of key implicit and explicit assumptions about these BECCS technologies, including biomass resource, land use, CO2 storage capacity and carbon capture and storage (CCS) deployment rate. In these scenarios, we find that half of all global CO2 storage required by 2100 occurs in USA, Western Europe, China and India, which is compatible with current estimates of regional CO2 storage capacity. CCS deployment rates in the scenarios are very challenging compared to historical rates of fossil, renewable or nuclear technologies and are entirely dependent on stringent policy action to incentivise CCS. In the scenarios, half of the biomass resource is derived from agricultural and forestry residues and half from dedicated bioenergy crops grown on abandoned agricultural land and expansion into grasslands (i.e. land for forests and food production is protected). Poor governance of the sustainability of bioenergy crop production can significantly limit the amount of CO2 removed by BECCS, through soil carbon loss from direct and indirect land use change. Only one-third of the bioenergy crops are grown in regions associated with more developed governance frameworks. Overall, the scenarios in IMAGE are ambitious but consistent with current relevant literature with respect to assumed biomass resource, land use and CO2 storage capacity.</p>},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{1969,

title = {Food related routines and energy policy: A focus group study examining potential for change in the United Kingdom},

author = {Hoolohan C. and Mclachlan C. and S Mander},

url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214629617303821?via%3Dihub},

doi = {10.1016/j.erss.2017.10.050},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Energy Research and Social Science},

pages = {93-102},

chapter = {93},

abstract = {<p>This paper explores the interlinkages between energy demand and food-related routines, to understand how routines that benefit energy demand management throughout the food system might be encouraged. Building on existing social science research, focus group data are used to examine the routines of people in three work-life situations; working parents, city dwellers, and empty nesters. A critical space in which to examine aspects of everyday life that entrench everyday routines is created by examining peoplestextquoteright feelings about their present routines and their aspirations for change. The resulting discussions illustrate the role of social and temporal commitments in shaping food routines, and how the different modes of provision, meals and methods of cooking used to navigate these commitments influence what is purchased and eaten. These aspects of everyday life therefore contribute to reinforcing and replicating patterns of energy use throughout the food system. The following discussions develop these initial findings to explore how interventions might support individual experimentation with alternative shopping, cooking and eating practices, and in so doing influence the ongoing evolution of food-related routines to the benefit of energy demand management.</p>},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2051,

title = {A multi-disciplinary analysis of UK grid mix scenarios with large-scale PV deployment},

author = {M Raugei and E Leccisi and B Azzopardi and C Jones and P Gilbert and L Zhang and Y Zhou and S Mander and PL Mancarella},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030142151730808X},

doi = {10.1016/j.enpol.2017.11.062},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Energy Policy},

volume = {114},

pages = {51-62},

chapter = {51},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2033,

title = {Understanding key elements in establishing a social license for CCS: An empirical approach},

author = {C Gough and R Cunningham and S Mander},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1750583616309331},

doi = {10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.11.003},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control},

volume = {68},

pages = {16-25},

chapter = {16},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{a355c993711f4ba4870248652b4f22d3b,

title = {Understanding key elements in establishing a social license for CCS: An empirical approach},

author = {Clair Gough and Rebecca Cunningham and Sarah Mander},

doi = {10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.11.003},

issn = {1750-5836},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control},

volume = {68},

pages = {16–25},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {This paper presents results of empirical research with the broad aim of exploring societal responses to CO2 storage, framed around the concept of social license to operate (SLO). We describe a mixed method approach incorporating stakeholder interviews and focus groups deployed in two case study locations in the UK. The approach helps us to build up an understanding of the social context in which Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) will be introduced, in terms of the specific local conditions and with reference to the influence of local experiences of other technologies (such as hydraulic fracturing (fracking), for example). This understanding is then used to guide further empirical research, from which we assess the extent to which an SLO for CCS is emerging. Results show that perceptions of trust and confidence in key institutions to safely manage projects are highly dependent not just on the track record of the organisations but are strongly influenced by past experiences with different technologies. While the indications for achieving an SLO for CCS are currently positive, consolidating and maintaining that support depends on the evolving social, industrial and political landscape.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{3950098a0dac4943a18f3b22326c04f2b,

title = {Challenges to the use of BECCS as a keystone technology in pursuit of 1.5⁰C},

author = {Clair Gough and Samira Garcia Freites and Christopher Jones and Sarah Mander and Brendan Moore and Cristina Pereira and Mirjam Roeder and Naomi Vaughan and Andrew Welfle},

doi = {10.1017/sus.2018.3},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Global Sustainability},

volume = {1},

publisher = {Cambridge University Press},

abstract = {The UNFCCC Paris Agreement sets a goal of limiting the global temperature increase to “well below 2°C” and to pursue “efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C”. Most emission pathways that are compatible with these goals are heavily reliant on negative emissions technologies (NETs), especially biomass energy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), at a global scale to remove CO2 from the atmosphere. The use of negative emissions in climate mitigation introduces a complex variety of technologies whose desirability, effectiveness and viability remain highly uncertain. This paper explores six key policy and governance challenges associated with BECCS, suggesting ways in which research could address some of these challenges: (1) How does BECCS fit with carbon budgets? (2) How negative is BECCS? (3) Can BECCS be delivered at sufficient scale? (4) Can sufficient biomass be provided sustainably? (5) How does BECCS fit into the policy context? (6) How does BECCS fit with climate agreements? Consideration of these challenges highlights the importance of a whole systems approach to assessing the use of BECCS and its potential as a keystone technology to deliver negative emissions.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{a355c993711f4ba4870248652b4f22d3,

title = {Understanding key elements in establishing a social license for CCS: An empirical approach},

author = {Clair Gough and Rebecca Cunningham and Sarah Mander},

doi = {10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.11.003},

issn = {1750-5836},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control},

volume = {68},

pages = {16–25},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {This paper presents results of empirical research with the broad aim of exploring societal responses to CO2 storage, framed around the concept of social license to operate (SLO). We describe a mixed method approach incorporating stakeholder interviews and focus groups deployed in two case study locations in the UK. The approach helps us to build up an understanding of the social context in which Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) will be introduced, in terms of the specific local conditions and with reference to the influence of local experiences of other technologies (such as hydraulic fracturing (fracking), for example). This understanding is then used to guide further empirical research, from which we assess the extent to which an SLO for CCS is emerging. Results show that perceptions of trust and confidence in key institutions to safely manage projects are highly dependent not just on the track record of the organisations but are strongly influenced by past experiences with different technologies. While the indications for achieving an SLO for CCS are currently positive, consolidating and maintaining that support depends on the evolving social, industrial and political landscape.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}