Greenhouse Gas Stabilisation & Transition to a Low Carbon Society Avoiding ‘dangerous’ climate change is likely to require industrialised nations dramatically and rapidly to curtail their emissions, while developing countries grow their economies and associated emissions. Whatever greenhouse gas (GHG) target guides future international policy it is clear that maintaining the concentration of greenhouse gases within acceptable bounds is likely to require action at both personal and institutional levels. Delaying action seems likely to increase future costs sharply for both mitigation and adaptation, making low concentration targets almost impossible to achieve. While there are various benefits (e.g., improved air quality from low-emission vehicles, pro-poor sustainable technology transfer, contribution to energy security) associated with a transition to a low-carbon society, there are also many challenges (e.g., overcoming lock-in to existing infrastructures and behaviour patterns, reforming trade policy). This programme of research is therefore intended to identify and analyse the challenges associated with different stabilisation levels and low-carbon pathways, including technological, behavioural, and governance options across a range of spatial and temporal scales and for a diverse set of sectors.